Flora

Two of the reserves of the Central Balkan National Park celebrate today
On today’s date, July 11, 46 years ago, two of the reserves located within the borders of the Central Balkan National Park were declared. These are Peeshti skali and Sokolna – both impressive with their characteristic and unforgettable relief forms and landscapes.
Read more >>
The beech forests of the Central Balkan National Park will be presented at the session of the UNESCO World Heritage Committee in Paris
The Central Balkan National Park Directorate will present its unique and preserved beech forests as one of the components of the Serial World Heritage Site “Old and Primary Beech Forests of the Carpathians and Other Regions in Europe” during the 47th session of the World Heritage Committee of the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization
Read more >>
The activities of the Visitor Information Center "Vezhen" are suspended indefinitely
By Order No. RD 168 of 04.07.2025 of the Director of the Directorate "Central Balkan National Park" in connection with a fire, the Visitor Information Center "Vezhen" is closed
Read more >>
Visiting the “Green Classroom”
In June, 140 children from four Gabrovo schools visited the Directorate of the Central Balkan National Park.
Read more >>
“Where the River is Born” – How Forest Ecosystems Influence Rivers
With a creative workshop “Where the River is Born”, experts from the Central Balkan National Park Directorate presented the role of mountain ecosystems in the management and quality of water in river catchments.
Read more >>
Monitoring the brown bear species
In July, field work on the project "Monitoring the Brown Bear Species" is expected to begin in the mountainous regions of our country. The three directorates of the national parks - "Pirin", "Rila" and "Central Balkan" and five of the six state forestry enterprises.
Read more >>
"Central Balkan" NP celebrated the holiday of herbs together with the "ETAR" museum
At the invitation of the Regional Ethnographic Open-Air Museum "ETAR", experts from the Directorate of the Central Balkan National Park (DNPCB) joined the festivities on the occasion of the celebration of Enyovden, organized by the Museum.
Read more >>
The search and capture of the predator within the boundaries of the Shumen Plateau Nature Park continues
For another day, the Director of the Central Balkan National Park Directorate (CBNP) Georgi Krastev and specialists from the Directorate are assisting in the search and capture of the wild animal from the Cat family, which was filmed on the territory of the Shumen Plateau Nature Park.
Read more >>
Children and the "Park as a Classroom"
This week, as part of the Central Balkan National Park Directorate’s educational program, “The Park as a Classroom,” two groups of children visited us and gained new and interesting knowledge.
Read more >>
Boatin Reserve celebrates today
Today, June 12, 2025, we celebrate 77 years since the announcement of the oldest reserve - "Boatin", which is located on the territory of the Central Balkan National Park.
Read more >>
Together with students from Gabrovo we celebrated World Environment Day
On Environment Day, June 5, 44 children from the “St. St. Cyril and Methodius” Primary School in Gabrovo visited the Green Classroom of the Central Balkan National Park, where two of the Directorate’s experts, through various eco-games, enriched their knowledge about the main pollutants in nature, possible ways to beat them and protect the environment.
Read more >>
On June 5th we celebrate World Environment Day
Today we celebrate World Environment Day and this year the focus is on the plastic that has become a comfortable part of our lives
Read more >>
Second graders from Gorna Oryahovitsa visited the Central Balkan National Park
On June 3, 15 children from Gorna Oryahovitsa joined the campaign of the Directorate of the Central Balkan National Park - "With a Ranger in the Central Balkan", visiting the Eco-Trail "Vidimsko Praskalo".
Read more >>
Procedure for random allocation of free pastures 2025
On the basis of item VII.8. and Appendix No. 4 of the Annual Plan for Grazing and Hay Use in the Central Balkan National Park, 2025, approved by Order No. RD-117/08.05.2025, the Central Balkan National Park Directorate announces the conduct of a procedure for the random distribution of free pasture areas on the territory of the National Park.
Read more >>
The Director of the Central Balkan National Park Directorate met with livestock breeders from Kalofer
The meeting took place in connection with requests from local users. The purpose of the meeting was to discuss and resolve pressing issues, mainly related to the grazing of domestic animals in the National Park.
Read more >>
European Diploma for Protected Areas – an award with a 60-year history
Last week marked the 60th anniversary of the prestigious award of the Committee of Ministers of the Council of Europe – the European Diploma for Protected Areas.
Read more >>
Today is the day Bulgaria's parks celebrate
Today we celebrate the Day of Parks in Bulgaria. There are a total of 14 parks in our country – 3 national and 11 natural, which are celebrated on May 28.
Read more >>
Directorate of the Central Balkan National Park visits the fourth "A" class at the "Raycho Karolev" Secondary School on the occasion of Natura 2000 Day and Biodiversity Day
On May 20, on the occasion of the European Natura 2000 Day, celebrated on May 21 and the International Day for Biodiversity – May 22, experts from the Central Balkan National Park Directorate held eco-activities with 21 students from the Raicho Karolev Secondary School in Gabrovo.
Read more >>
Two important dates on the conservation calendar are coming up
This week, on May 21, we celebrate the European Natura 2000 Day, and in 2025 we will celebrate 33 years since the creation of the Natura 2000 network of protected areas in the European Union.
Read more >>
Let's not disturb animals in nature!
Small deer and fawns have already begun to be observed in the forest, in this regard we remind you that if you meet a small deer, a fawn in the forest, it is not abandoned or lost and you should not touch it, disturb it and even more so take it with you to save it.
Read more >>
Temporary restrictions on vehicle traffic are being introduced on the road from Troyanski Prohod to Dermenka hut
By Order No. RD 130 of 14.05.2025 of the Director of the Directorate "Central Balkan National Park", temporary restrictions are introduced for the movement, stay and parking of motor vehicles (MPV) (including ATVs and UTVs of all classes) for road No. 12 Troyanski Prohod - Dermenka hut
Read more >>
The Annual Plan for Grazing and Use of Hay in the Central Balkan National Park for 2025 was approved
By Order of the Director of the Park Directorate today, May 8, 2025, the Annual Plan for Grazing and Use of Hay in the Central Balkan National Park for 2025 was approved.
Read more >>
With a call to protect nature, the Director of the Central Balkan National Park Directorate opened the new office of the Directorate in the village of Ribaritsa
On April 29, at a solemn ceremony, Georgi Krastev, Director of the Central Balkan National Park Directorate (CBNPD), had the honor of opening the long-awaited, newly built office of the Teteven Park District (PD) of the Park Directorate, located in the village of Ribaritsa.
Read more >>
Eco event for Earth Day in the town of Byala Cherkva
On April 25, the Central Balkan National Park Directorate, together with the Historical Museum in the town of Byala Cherkva, organized an exciting eco event in the center of the town of Byala Cherkva on the occasion of International Earth Day and in connection with the celebration of the 40th anniversary of the establishment of the Natural History Exhibition at the Museum.
Read more >>
On Earth Day we were together with the students from the "Petko Rachev Slaveykov" Secondary School - Tryavna
On the occasion of Earth Day, April 22, experts from the Central Balkan National Park Directorate visited the Secondary School in Tryavna – “P. R. Slaveykov”, where they met with 22 students from the upper year of study.
Read more >>
A lesson was given at the "Vasil Levski" Secondary School - Karlovo by an employee of the Central Balkan National Park Directorate
Last week, an employee of the park ranger of the Central Balkan National Park Directorate, together with a representative of the Mountain Rescue Service - Karlovo, gave an educational talk
Read more >>
For 55 years now, the whole world has been celebrating Earth Day
On April 22, many people around the world join various initiatives and campaigns on the occasion of Earth Day
Read more >>
The Directorate of the National Park is pleased to invite students in the high school stage of their studies between 8th and 12th grades to apply for participation in a youth international meeting under the EU's Erasmus+ program for supporting education, training, youth and sport in Europe.
Read more >>
An expert from the Central Balkan National Park Directorate brought the forest to the preschool group of the St. Cyril and Methodius Primary School – Troyan
In connection with the Forest Week, the children from the preschool group of the St. Cyril and Methodius Primary School had the opportunity to learn more about the forest, its inhabitants and how we can protect them.
Read more >>
Meeting with stakeholders for the Annual Plan for grazing and hay use prezentation
On the 15th of April, 2025, Tuesday, in the "Vasil Karaivanov" hall of the Municipality of Karlovo (town of Karlovo, "Petko Sabev" Str. №1), between representatives of the Central Balkan NP Directorate and candidate users of pastures in the Park a meeting will be held.
Read more >>
The Central Balkan National Park Directorate celebrated Forest Week together with the Natural History Museum in the village of Cherni Osam
Yesterday, on the occasion of Forest Week, eco-activities were held with children from two age groups - from 1 to 4 grades and from 5 to 7 grades.
Read more >>
Draft of an Annual plan for livestock grazing and using of hay in the Central Balkan NP
Draft of an Annual plan for livestock grazing and using of hay in the Central Balkan NP 2025 was announced with an Order of CBNPD Director.
Read more >>
For more than a century, April 1st has been celebrating World Bird Day
April 1st was declared World Bird Day by the UN and has been celebrated since 1906, making it one of the oldest initiatives in the world.
Read more >>
Today we celebrate 72 years since the declaration of the Djendema Reserve
On this date in 1953, in order to protect valuable species and their habitats, the "Djendema" reserve was declared.
Read more >>
Preparation for the upcoming monitoring of species from the Gliridae family in the Central Balkan National Park
On March 21, employees of the Central Balkan National Park (CBNP) visited one of the sites for monitoring the species of the Gliridae family, located in the area of the Neshkovtsi Conservation Area, Troyan State Park.
Read more >>
Celebrated Water Day together with the fifth graders from the "Vasil Levski" Primary School in the village of Shumata
On the occasion of World Water Day, employees of the Central Balkan National Park Directorate held educational eco-activities at the primary school in the village of Shumata, Sevlievo municipality.
Read more >>
World Water Day 2025
Every year on March 22, the world celebrates World Water Day by conducting various campaigns and initiatives aimed at raising public awareness about the global water crisis.
Read more >>
Violators with high-pass vehicles in the Central Balkan National Park have been sanctioned
Park Directorate employees detected unregulated movement of motor vehicles in the Park over the past weekend.
Read more >>
Ranking in the competition procedures for Chief and Senior Expert in Natura 2000 field.
Ranking in the competition procedures for Chief and Senior Expert in Natura 2000 field.
Read more >>
Returning home
On 28.02.2025, experts from the Directorate of the Central Balkan National Park and experts from Green Balkans released three birds.
Read more >>
System for determining the results of tender procedures, opened by Order No. RD-25/ 27.01.2025 of the Director of DNPCB
Read more >>
Educational meeting with young people from the National School for Mountain Guides in the village of Cherni Osam
On February 13, at the Natural History Museum - village of Cherni Osam, an expert from the Directorate of the Central Balkan National Park held an educational talk with students from the National School for Mountain Guides.
Read more >>
Ranking in the competition procedure for Senior and Chief Expert in the management of Natura 2000 protected areas
Ranking in the competition procedure for Senior and Chief Expert in the management of Natura 2000 protected areas
Read more >>
Ranking in the competition procedure for Chief inspector of Control and Security Department - North
Ranking in the competition procedure for Chief inspector of Control and Security Department - North
Read more >>
World Wetlands Day – “Protecting Wetlands for Our Common Future!”
On 2 February, the world celebrated World Wetlands Day under the motto “Conserve Wetlands for Our Common Future.”
Read more >>
Educational meeting with the "Youth Information Center" - Karlovo
The experts of Directorate introduced teenagers from the Youth Information Center - Karlovo and their Romanian guests from Asociatia Mod of Life to the activities of the Central Balkan National Park (NBNP)
Read more >>
Experts from the Central Balkan National Park participated in the international Midwinter Waterfowl Census
Experts of the Park Directorate participated in the Midwinter Waterfowl Census initiative in the country. They were responsible for surveying 6 large and several smaller water bodies.
Read more >>
Happy International Mountain Day!
Central Balkan Biosphere Reserve was accepted as a member of the World Network of Mountain Biosphere Reserves this year.
Read more >>
Illegally parked van removed from Dzhendema Reserve
After a Central Balkan National Park Directorate employees’ action, an illegally placed van with a surveillance camera and a feeder for wild animals was removed from the territory of the Dzhendema Reserve.
Read more >>
EMERGENCY ACTION AGAINST MOTORISTS IN THE TERRITORY OF THE CENTRAL BALKAN NATIONAL PARK
On November 2nd and 3rd, an action was held against the unregulated movement of motorcycles on the territory of Central Balkan National Park, led by the Director of the protected area - Georgi Krastev, with the participation of employees from several park sections.
Read more >>
Central Balkan National Park Directorate celebrated the International Day of Biosphere Parks, November 3, with festival events
On the occasion of the International Day for Biosphere Reserves Central Balkan National Park Directorate held three festival events in the municipal centers of the transition zone of the Central Balkan Biosphere Reserve - in Troyan on October 19, in Sevlievo on October 26 and in Karlovo on November 2
Read more >>
We are celebrating 33 years since the declaration of the Central Balkan National Park with the exhibition View of the Balkans
On the occasion of the 33rd anniversary of Central Balkan, the Directorate of the park opened an exhibition entitled "View of the Balkans", which collected 15 selected photographs from the amateur photography competition held this year.
Read more >>
"Study on forest ecosystems in mountain water catchments in Central Balkan Biosphere Reserve" project launched
Study on forest ecosystems in mountain water catchments in Central Balkan Biosphere Reserve" is among the five projects selected in 2024 for Europe and North America.
Read more >>
Central Balkan National Park employees found the carcass of a killed bear
The competent authorities have been notified and the case is being investigated
Read more >>
What you need to know when visiting Central Balkan National Park
Wildlife has a right to privacy. Preserve it in its natural state by using wisely your right to recreation and knowledge.
Read more >>
We celebrate International Ranger Day
Central Balkan National Park Directorate marked the date from the nature protection calendar with two consecutive events.
Read more >>
The fire in Central Balkan has been extinguished
The rain that fell around 16:00 over the area helped to bring the fire under control. For more than 72 hours, efforts to extinguish it continued in the Steneto reserve on the territory of Central Balkan National Park.
Read more >>
Central Balkan National Park Directorate and Ethnographic Open- Air Museum ETAR celebrated Saint John's Day
In connection with the celebration of the holiday of medicinal plants on June 23 and 24, visitors to the museum had the opportunity to learn more about herbs from experts of the Park Directorate.
Read more >>
The first celebration of the Central Balkan Biosphere Reserve was held in the city of Sevlievo
On Sunday (October 1) in the central city square in the city of Sevlievo, the festival event under the title "Common Future for People and Nature", organized by Central Balkan National Park Directorate, supported by Sevlievo Municipality.
Read more >>News archive

The Park has been identified 1,689 species of spore and seed plants, 238 species of mosses, 4 species of sedges, 4 species of horsetails, 28 species of ferns, 45 species of algae, 337 species of macromycetes, of which 57 species of edible mushrooms.
The phytofond of the Central Balkan National Park represents 41% of the species diversity of the flora in Bulgaria.
Nature conservation-significant taxa:
- 78 species included in the Biological Diversity Act (BDA);
- 58 species included in the Red Book of Bulgaria;
- 120 species included in the Red List of vascular plants in Bulgaria;
- 17 species included in the IUCN Red List;
- 75 species of Bakan endemics;
- 23 species of local endemics;
- 101 relict species.
One of the most characteristic features of the forests in the Central Balkans is that a large part of them are little influenced by human intervention, especially in the more inaccessible parts of the Park. The conditions that have the strongest influence on the distribution of forests are the exposure, the altitude, which in turn determine the temperature and light regime, the type and richness of the soil, the soil and air humidity. This, as well as the specific requirements and biology of each species, determines the species diversity in the forest ecosystems in the Park, as well as their wide distribution.
- Forests occupy the largest area – about 60% of the Park's territory;
- A significant part of the forest area (84.8%) is deciduous;
- Beech communities cover 42% of the Park's territory;
- The average age of beech communities is 133 years, and on an area of 24,401 ha they are over 100 years old;
- There are many more broad-leaved species. In addition to beech (Fagus sylvatica), mountain sycamore (Acer heldreichii), sycamore (Acer platanoides), wild cherry (Prunus avium), mountain ash (Fraxinus excelsior) and many others grow singly or in small groups. Of the more heat-loving and drought-resistant species found in the territory of the "Central Balkans", the winter oak (Quercus petrea), oriental hornbeam (Carpinus orientalis), ash (Fraxinus ornus) and others are found.
- Of the coniferous tree species, the most widespread are the communities dominated by spruce (Picea abies), with the area occupied by spruce forests being 1,825 ha, and the average age of the forests in the belt being about 115 years. Other characteristic coniferous species are the common fir (Abies alba) and the white pine (Pinus peuce). The yew (Taxus baccata) is a species from the Red Book of the Republic of Bulgaria. The European pine (Pinus mugo) is represented by a single locality in the Park.
- Very rare are the natural xerophytic forests dominated by black pine (Pinus nigra ssp. pallassiana) and the forests dominated by Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris), located mainly in the higher parts of the Central Balkans.
Forests have extremely important functions in the Earth's biosphere. They maintain the water regime of streams and groundwater, responsible for supplying settlements with drinking water. Also, with their soil-reinforcing and soil-forming functions, they resist erosion and limit damage from natural disasters. Forests form habitats, provide shelter and food for birds, bats and other mammals and are especially important for hard-to-see forest species, such as insects, mushrooms and lichens. Forests purify air and water, regulate the microclimate, participate in photosynthesis and the cycle of substances.
In addition to all this, they have scientific, educational and aesthetic value - the amazing color and diversity of landscapes charge with spiritual energy, awaken the thirst for discoveries and adventures, evoke a sense of pride in the amazing nature of Bulgaria. They create conditions for enjoyment among the wild world through tourism, recovery, sports, recreation and rest.
Shrub ecosystems are mainly represented in the high-mountainous treeless zone of the National Park, and less often in small areas as part of the beech and coniferous forests.
In places, forest communities alternate with small secondary shrub communities, most often on the outskirts of forests or in roadside clearings. Hazel (Corylus avellana), dog rose (Rosa canina), sloe (Prunus spinosa), common hawthorn (Crataegus monogyna), etc. dominate in their composition. On the steep and eroded terrains on the southern slopes of the Stara Planina, mainly in the area of the Sokolna reserve, red juniper (Juniperus oxycedrus) is most often found.
The alternation of shrub and grass communities is observed along the upper border of the forest, between 1500 and 1850 m above sea level. to the ridge of the mountain, but not on the highest peaks. The main dominant species in these communities are mainly coniferous and ericoid shrubs, such as Siberian juniper (Juniperus sibirica), bilberry (Vaccinium myrtillus), and mountain ash (Bruckenthalia spiculifolia). Raspberry (Rubus idaeus), mugo (Pinus mugo), and bearberry (Arctostaphylos uva-ursi) are more limitedly distributed. Shrub communities dominated by alpine rose (Rhododendron myrtifolium) in the areas of Tuzha hut and Yurushka Gramada peak are rare and highly vulnerable.
Grassland communities are mainly distributed in the high subalpine and alpine treeless areas of the Park. Under the influence of the intensive grazing regime in the past and the annual burning of the shrubs and woody vegetation on the ridge parts of the Park, extensive and species-poor pasture communities have formed, dominated by the cartel (Nardus stricta) with the participation of the field fescue (Agrostis capillaris), the sedge (Deschampsia flexuosa) and many other herbaceous species.
166 species of medicinal plants have been registered or 66.4% of their fund in the country. A number of species of medicinal plants are included in the Red Book of Bulgaria. Others are protected by the relevant nature conservation laws. Not all plants included in the Red Book are protected. But their presence there means: “Caution! Red signal! This species needs special attention and conservation measures, as it is relatively rare!
The following medicinal plants, common in the "Central Balkans", are included in the Red Book:
- Yellow gentian (Gentiana lutea);
- Spotted gentian (Gentiana punctata);
- Folded gentian (Alchemilla plicatula);
- Akhtar gentian (Alchemilla achtarowii);
- Yumrukchal gentian (Alchemilla jumrukczalica);
- Soft gentian (Alchemilla mollis);
- Balkan gentian (Alchemilla catachnoa);
- Undivided gentian (Alchemilla indivisa);
- Star gentian (Alchemilla asteroantha);
- Pyrenean gentian (Alchemilla pyrenaica);
- Snowdrop (Galanthus nivalis);
- Yew (Taxus baccata);
- Kazakh juniper (Juniperus sabina);
- Bulgarian ranilist (Stachys bulgarica);
- Soft lungwort (Pulmonaria mollissima);
- Valeriana Montana.

Evergreen tree high up to 50 meters. Its crown is conical in young trees, becoming columnar in old ones, often with a flat top.

This is the most typical forest tree in Central Balkan National Park. Broad-leaf tree with a height up to 35 meters.

Broad-leaf tree, reaching a height of 25-30 meters. Its crown is conical. The bark is smooth and pink-gray in young trees.

Broad-leaf tree, high up to 30 meters. The crown is domed. The bark is gray-silvery smooth and thin.

Coniferous tree reaching a height of 20-27 meters with wide crown, formed by quickly growing lower branches. In Central Balkan National Park it possesses usually a shrubby growth form.

The Ordinary spruce (Picea abies) is a tree that reaches a height of 50 m and has a regular conical shape.

The Siberian Juniper is relatively small shrub occuring above the alpine timber line.

In Central Stara Planina it is mainly distributed in the region of Tsarichina reserve, where the northernmost location is the world occurs.

Тhe Black pine-tree (Pinus nigra) reaches a height of 40 m and has an irregular in shape and patent crown. The bark of the tree is thick, grey in color and deeply cracked...

It is a small evergreen bush distributed in Central and Southeastern Europe. In Bulgaria it inhabits only the region of the Central Stara Planina.

This species is credited as a symbol of mountain tourism. It is perennial grass plant, high up to 12 cm, covered thickly by whitish hairs.

It is also called Yellow mountain lily or Wood- nymph tulip. This species is one of the most beautiful plants of Central Balkan National Park. It is a perennial plant with yellow flowers.

The blueberry is a low deciduous bush – up to 40 cm. The stems are branched and with ribbed, green branches.

The Yellow Gentian (Gentiana lutea) is a perennial herbaceous plant with a thick succulent root system.

It is a perennial grass plant. In the region of the Park it occurs often, in wet grass habitats and along the streams, rock cervices, on limestone, predominantly in the belt between 1400 – 1900 m of elevation.

It is distributed in Central Europe and on the Balkan Peninsular. It inhabits bushes, forests and meadows up to 1800 m of elevation.

The species is widely spread in Central Stara Planina, as well as in the other Bulgarian mountains. The reason for this are its characteristics – the powerful root system, consisting of two types of roots.

The Globe flower is a tall perennial plant up to 1m in height with typical palmate leaves. The flowers are large and yellow.

This is a perennial tall plant (up to 3m), with very typical large leaves, dark red to brown flowers and glimmer dark fleshy fruits.

The Martagon Lily is an exceptionally beautiful bulbous plant, which reaches up to 1m in height.

It`s a small deciduous shrib up to 20 cm height. The fruits are edible, but their sweetness is mixed with an acidic taste.

Pančič Angelica is a Balkan endemic and it`s included in Bulgarian Red data Book. In Central Balkan NP it occurs mostly along the rivers and small mountain streams.

Common yarrow is known as milfoil, thousand- leaf and soldier`s woundwort, too.

Caltha palustris is a plant commonly mentioned in literature, from Shakespeare for example.

The Latin name (Sorbus aucuparia) means sorbeo – “absorb, swallow”, auca – “bird” and pario – “bear”.

This species is a small shrub, up to 2 m in height with extremely flexible branches. The flowering period is at the end of the winter and the flowers are very aromatic. The plant is poisonous and is used in the medecine.

It`s a perennial plant with bright yellow flowers. It`s a wide spread medicinal species. The most common name comes from its harvesting on St John`s day, 24 June.

Oregano is a widely used ingredient in different national cuisines. It`s an important part of the traditional preparation of a bulgarian tea, called "Balkan tea".

The latin names comes from "centaurus" – “centaur” и гр. erithros – "red", from the colout of the flowers. The genus was formerly called Chironia, from the Centaur Chiron, who was famous in Greek mythology for his skill in medicinal herbs.

The species name idaeus refers to its occurence on Mount Ida near Troya in northwest Turkey, where the ancient Greeks were most familiar with it.

Common Mistletoe is a symbol of happiness, love, health or abundance in different myths and legends.

The name of the genus - Tussilago means "cough suppressant", from latain tussio " - “cough".
Coltsfoot is a perennial herb, which is often found in colonies of dozens of plants.

This species is a succulent plant with typical rosette at the base and with beautiful pink to red flowers.

Germander is widely used as an ornamental plant. It is known like a herb from the Antiquity and even like a magical flower.